Salesforce JavaScript Buttons To Lightning Alternatives

JavaScript Button Use Cases Lightning Alternatives Declarative/Programmatic
Validate fields (presave) Quick actions (using default values and/or formulas) D
Apex triggers P
Create records with prepopulated values Quick actions (using default values and/or formulas) D
Redirect to a record page Custom URL buttons D
Redirect to a Visualforce page Visualforce quick actions P
Lightning actions P
Prefill values based on inputs Lightning actions P
Confirmation pop-up screens Lightning actions P
API calls (Salesforce and third-party) Lightning actions P
Feedback pop-up screens Lightning actions P
Third-party integration Lightning actions P
Mass actions on list view records Custom Visualforce buttons on list views P

Reference: Trailhead